Designed for the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1966, the NIO is an autonomous research organization that conducts extensive studies on the North Indian Ocean. The construction of such an institute gained momentum after the International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) (1960-1965). In Goa lies the Headquarters of the Institute, a merger of the Indian Ocean Biological Centre (IOBC), Indian Ocean Physical Oceanography Centre (IOPOC) and International Biology Program (IBP), all institutions established during IIOE. Phase I included the
